history

The region was inhabited by Arawaks and Carib Indians, until the arrival of navigator Christopher Columbus, from this moment Tobago becomes the Spaniards.

In 1632 Trinidad was occupied by the Dutch, but shortly thereafter was taken by settlers espanhóis.Os did the introduction of the planting of sugar cane using hand labor of African slaves.

After centuries of strife and invasions of the territory, the United Kingdom 1802.Em conquered Trinidad in 1814 Tobago was ceded to the British.

With the release of slaves in 1830, the United Kingdom started to encourage the attendance of Indian workers to the country gained independence in 1963.Trindad and Tobago became part of British Commonwealth of nations. In 2002 the country went through three general elections, due to a political crisis.

Meaning of the Coat of Arms and Flag

The Coat of Arms of Trinidad and Tobago was designed by a committee formed in 1962 to select the symbols that would be representative of the people of Trinidad and Tobago. The committee included noted artist Carlisle Chang and the late designer George Bailey. The shield has the same colours (black, red, and white) of the nation's flag and carry the same meaning. The gold ships represent the Santa Maria, Nina, and Pinta: the three ships Christopher Columbus used on his journey to the "New World." The two birds on the shield are hummingbirds. Trinidad is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Hummingbird" because more than sixteen different species of hummingbird have been recorded on the island. The two larger birds are the Scarlet Ibis (left) and the Cocrico (right), the national birds of Trinidad and Tobago. Below these birds is our nation's motto, "Together We Aspire, Together We Achieve."

The flag of Trinidad and Tobago was officially adopted on August 31, 1962, after the islands gained their independence from Britain.

The two white stripes are symbolic of the bountiful sea, the red represents the people, and black represents their hard work and strength.

Some pictures for you.....I hope you enjoy (:

FLORA AND FAUNA

The vegetation of Trinidad is very similar to that of Venezuela: the plains in the drier parts surrounded by lush vegetation. Are coconuts, sugarcane, cocoa, coffee, tobacco as the main crops of the region. The wildlife is very rich in wildlife, especially butterflies and 622 species of 700 different types of orchids.

Tobago has 19 species of hummingbirds and koalas, seven from the island. Among the most common animals in your soil can cite the beetles, the shell sand, and spotted spiny lobster, quail dove, the hummingbird wing 'Sabre', the siskin (bird) and mallard Montserrat in the Caribbean.

Natural history of Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago has some of the richest natural communities in the Caribbean. Unlike most of the islands of the Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago supports a primarily South American flora and fauna. As a result, Trinidad and Tobago is richer in plant and animal species than is the rest of the Caribbean. However, rates of endemism are lower than in the rest of the Caribbean because most of the species in Trinidad and Tobago are also found on the South American mainland.

 

Reptiles and Amphibians

In addition to the snakes (which range in size from some of the world's smallest to the world's largest) which may be seen listed at the link below, Trinidad and Tobago is home to a host of other interesting herpetofauna [see Boos (2001) and Murphy (1997)]. Some (but certainly not all) of the reptiles and amphibians of Trinidad and Tobago are noted below.

There are a number of lizards ranging in size from just over an inch or two in length to the huge 6-foot (1.8 m) long Green Iguana (Iguana iguana). The 'so called' Luminous Lizard  makes its home in the mouths of caves and cool stream banks on the high peaks, ridges and high valleys of the Northern Range of Trinidad and is found nowhere else on Earth. The large Tegu or Matte as it is locally called and the Green Iguana (very common, even in sub-urban areas) are considered delicacies on both Trinidad and Tobago. A number of Anole species may be easily observed, even in sub-urban areas. Only Anolis chrysolepis is a Trinidad native, with all other Anoles being relatively recently introduced. Other common lizards include macro-teiids (or whip-tailed lizards) such as the Ameiva ameiva (locally called the Zandolie or Ground lizard and common even in sub-urban gardens) and Cnemindophorus lemniscatus (most widely seen along in some coastal areas of Tobago and on Trinidad's east and south coasts and on the islands of Chacachacare and Huevos). Nocturnally active geckos of the genera Thecadactylus and Hemidactylus are common in old and rural buildings on both islands and are commonly referred to as 'mabouias' and 'wood slaves' respectively. There are a number of small colourful diurnal geckos of the genus Gonatodes that are present. One of them, Gonatodes ocellatus is endemic to Tobago while another, Gonatodes vittatus or the 'streak lizard' as it is locally known, is very common and can be seen in most sub-urban and even urban backyards in Trinidad. The tiny Mole's gecko Sphaerodactylus molei is found on both islands and is among the smallest of lizards in the world.

There are two species of legless lizards Amphisbaena alba and Amphisbaena fuliginosa are known as 'two headed' snakes on Trinidad. They spend much of their lives burrowing in the soil and are often associated with the nests of leaf-cutter ants Atta, which form part of their diet.

Terrestrial turtles, tortoises and marine turtles make their homes on these islands. The giant Leather Backed Turtle the Hawksbill Turtle ,the Loggerhead Turtle , the Olive Ridley Turtle  and the Green Sea Turtle  are marine species that all nest on the islands' beaches or frequent their coastal waters. The land dwelling yellow-footed Tortoise  or Morocoy as it is locally known is threatened by high levels of poaching. The odd mata-mata turtle is known to inhabit the Nariva Swamp. The wood-turtle locally known as the Galap is found in and near rivers, streams and swamps and is often kept as a pet. All the marine turtle species are threatened by illegal hunting activity, although there has been some success achieved by measures taken to educate the public and ensure species conservation since the 1970s.

The Spectacled Caiman (Caiman crocodilus) which may grow up to about 8 feet (2.4 m) in length shares its habitat in the Nariva Swamp on Trinidad's east coast with the mighty Green Anaconda.Caiman are to be found throughout both islands in slow moving fresh or brackish water. They are shy creatures and pose no real threat to humans unless intentionally provoked or approached while nesting. It is generally considered that the few records of both the American Crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) as well as the Orinoco Crocodile (Crocodylus intermedius) in the waters of Trinidad and Tobago were, for the most part, waifs from mainland South America.

A number of frogs and toads inhabit the islands, including the well known huge Marine or Cane Toad  locally known as the Crapaud (pronounced crah-poh) and the tiny, colourful, rare endemic species known as the El Tucuche Golden Tree Frog found only in the giant epiphitic bromeliads at the summits of Trinidad's two highest peaks. The strangest of all Trinidad's frogs is the highly aquatic Suriname Toad or Pipa Toad (Pipa pipa), the tadpoles of which develop in the skin tissue of the mother's back, before bursting out and emerging as miniature replicas of the adult frogs. The Giant Tree Frog  known locally as the giant Flying Frog is commonly heard calling after dusk from the vegetation along streams in Trinidad. The two frog species of the genus Manophryne (one of which is endemic to Trinidad and the other endemic to Tobago) demonstrate a degree of parental care as the tadpoles are transported on the backs of the adult males before a suitable body of water is found where they may be left to develop. The southwestern peninsular of Trinidad is home to a rather diverse community of frogs, with at least one  being known only from that area. Trinidad is also reputedly home to a Caecilian  (a legless amphibian with an eel-like body that is rarely observed due to its habitat preference) although only one specimen has ever been scientifically documented from Trinidad.

It is unfortunate to note that although all snakes (with the exception of the potentially dangerous vipers and corals) are protected by law in Trinidad and Tobago, the human population at large is not generally tolerant of snakes, and even harmless snakes found near human dwellings, farms and gardens are often killed on sight. More public awareness is needed to dispel misconceptions about snakes as well as to sensitize the population to the ecological importance of snakes.

Invertebrates

Trinidad and Tobago are extremely rich in neotropical invertebrate fauna. Several hundred species of butterflies (including the brilliant blue Emperor Butterfly Morpho peleides) and beetles are to be found on the islands, many in the Tropical Forests. Barcant (1970) lists 617 species of butterfly for the 2 islands of which 123 occur on Tobago. The leaf cutter ant (Atta) is easily observed, even in urban environments. Soldier ants may be observed in forested areas. The largest specimens of centipedes may be found particularly in the drier forests of the Northwestern Peninsular of Trinidad (the Chaguaramas Peninsular) as well as the nearby tiny off shore islands. A few species of large tarantulas may be found in forested areas and even in houses at the forest edge. The arthropod life of Trinidad and Tobago has not been well studied and it is an entomologist's paradise waiting to be discovered, with many species remaining undocumented.

Large land snails and many species of crustaceans (terrestrial, freshwater and marine) are among the other invertebrates that may be easily observed in Trinidad and Tobago.

Marine communities

Trinidad's western and southern coastal waters are highly influenced by the outflow of freshwater from the adjacent Orinoco River of Venezuela which is less than 8 miles (13 km) away from Trinidad at the closest point. As such, the waters here are fairly low in salinity and high in sediment/nutrient content and relatively shallow. These facts coupled with the highly sheltered nature of the Gulf of Paria and the Columbus Channel respectively, create ideal breeding/spawning grounds for many marine fishes and invertebrates, including shrimp.

Various 'sporting' fish are present in the waters of both islands and include huge grouper, marlin, barracuda and dolphin-fish. Fish popularly caught and eaten include carite, kingfish and red snapper.

As mentioned in the section above on the reptilian fauna of Trinidad and Tobago, a number of species of marine turtles including the Leather Backed Turtle, the Hawksbill Turtle, the Loggerhead Turtle, the Olive Ridley Turtle and the Green Sea Turtle both live in the waters around and nest on the beaches of both islands.

Whales and dolphins were far more common to Trinidad's waters in earlier times, but the very rigorous whaling industry of the 19th century decimated the population of whales in the Gulf of Paria. Today, dolphins may still be regularly observed, particularly off the shore of the northwestern Chaguaramas peninsular. Pilot whales have been observed to beach themselves on a few occasions during the 1990s and a small pod of killer whales were caught in a fisherman's net during the 1980s.

Whale sharks (the largest of all fishes) have been observed around the oil rigs in the southern part of the Gulf of Paria. Hammerhead sharks are commonly caught by fishermen and shark is considered a delicacy among the human population of both islands.

The waters of Tobago are less affected by the outflow of fresh water from the Orinoco and as such are far more saline and clearer than that of Trinidad. A number of coral reefs are thus able to exist around Tobago, the most famous being the Buccoo Reef. Tobago's reefs are reputedly home to the largest examples of brain coral. Also present are huge and gentle manta rays, impressive moray eels, parrot fish, angel fish and a host of other colourful tropical coral reef species.

 

Mammals

Trinidad and Tobago is home to a little over 100 species of mammals, a large percentage of them being bats (one of them being a fishing bat). Another of the bat species, the Vampire Bat, does not deserve its notorious reputation, as it feeds almost exclusively on non-human blood. Carnivorous mammals include the Ocelot, the Tayra, the Crab-eating Raccoon and the Neotropical River Otter. Large herbivores include the Red Brocket, the Collared Peccary and the highly endangered West Indian Manatee (a few of which persist in the ecologically diverse Nariva Swamp on Trinidad's east coast). The Red Howler Monkey and the White-fronted Capuchin are the country's two native primate species. The Silky Anteater and its relative the Tamandua are two of the most bizarre creatures of Trinidad's forests. Other small to medium sized mammals present include the agouti, the paca, the prehensile-tailed porcupine, the Nine-banded Armadillo and a few species of opossum. A number of small rodents including a species of squirrel are native to the islands. A few Cetacean species (whales and dolphins) including Pilot Whales and Orcas have been known to occur in the seas around Trinidad. Whales were once far more common in Trinidad's Gulf of Paria (which Columbus called Golfo de la Ballena or the Gulf of Whales) but a rigorous whaling industry during the 19th century severely reduced the population of various species that once thrived there. The Indian Mongoose was introduced during colonial times to mainly help to control the population of rats (and possibly to a lesser extent snakes) found on the Trinidad's plantations. It is very important to note that the populations of many of the game mammals as well as predatory mammals are locally threatened in Trinidad and Tobago due mainly to heavy hunting/poaching and habitat loss/fragmentation, with a number of species already having been extirpated on the island of Tobago.  

Birds

468 species of birds have been recorded in Trinidad and Tobago. There are few places in the world where so many birds can be seen in such a small area, and many of them are unique, very rare, or of particular interest. They range from the many species of hummingbird to the primitive cave-dwelling oilbird (that uses sonar to fly in the dark) to the spectacularly beautiful Scarlet Ibis. The islands are within a few miles of Venezuela, and the species are therefore typical of tropical South America. However, the variety is impoverished compared to the mainland, as would be expected with small islands.

The resident breeding birds are augmented in the northern winter by migrants from North America.

Species occur on both islands except where indicated. Tobago has only about half the number of bird species of Trinidad, but 22 birds have occurred only on the smaller island, including 12 breeding species.

Economy - overview

The economy of Trinidad and Tobago is based on the trade in oil and natural gas industry. Per capita income is among the highest in the Caribbean region. Agriculture was practically abandoned, as farmers sought employment in the tourism industry and oil. Still, the dominant crops continue to be the cane sugar, coconut, rice, oranges, bananas, corn, cocoa and coffee. The mining industry boils down to natural asphalt. The industry consists of ammonia, cement, methanol, beer and rum. The exports consist of petroleum products and fertilizers, while the imports are machinery, transport equipment and food products. The main trading partners of Trinidad and Tobago are the United States, Jamaica, the United Kingdom and Germany.
 Environmental indicator: the emission of carbon dioxide per capita (metric tons, 1999) is 19.4.

Trinidad and Tobago has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses and has one of the highest growth rates and per capita incomes in Latin America. Economic growth between 2000 and 2007 averaged slightly over 8%, significantly above the regional average of about 3.7% for that same period; however, GDP has slowed down since then and contracted about 3.5% in 2009, before rising more than 2% in 2010. Growth has been fueled by investments in liquefied natural gas (LNG), petrochemicals, and steel. Additional petrochemical, aluminum, and plastics projects are in various stages of planning. Trinidad and Tobago is the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, and its economy is heavily dependent upon these resources but it also supplies manufactured goods, notably food products and beverages, as well as cement to the Caribbean region. Oil and gas account for about 40% of GDP and 80% of exports, but only 5% of employment. The country is also a regional financial center, and tourism is a growing sector, although it is not as important domestically as it is to many other Caribbean islands. The economy benefits from a growing trade surplus. The previous MANNING administration benefited from fiscal surpluses fueled by the dynamic export sector; however, declines in oil and gas prices have reduced government revenues which will challenge the new government's commitment to maintaining high levels of public investment.

 

cooking

Trinidad and Tobago cuisine is varied if it is anything. Numerous cultures make up the social fabric of this small, Caribbean nation, and much like the culture, the dining scene here blends influences from Amerindians, Europeans, Africans, Indians, and the Chinese. Creole and Lebanese influences are prevalent as well when it comes to the food of Trinidad and Tobago, so you’ll virtually be treated to a world tour in cuisine when dining here. 

One of the country’s Creole dishes bears similarity to a Spanish paella, and some of the country’s preferred desserts owe their influence to India, for example. Pelau is the rice-based dish that is akin to paella, and in addition to rice, it features peas and meat, with pork, beef, and chicken being the most commonly used meats. As for Indian desserts, you might try some gulab jamun. Galub jamun is made of dough balls that consist mostly of milk solids, cream, and flour. These doughy spheres are cooked in a sugar syrup, and saffron, cardamom seeds, and rosewater are often used to add flavor. When it comes to the Creole food of Trinidad and Tobago, chicken and red beans is a main staple. Callaloo and macaroni pie are other Creole favorites, the former being an okra based dish, while the latter is mostly comprised of, well, macaroni. Callaloo is usually made with okra, chili peppers, coconut milk, crab, and sometimes various meats. Garlic and chopped onions are usually added, and the mix is simmered until it basically becomes a soup or stew. Interestingly enough, callaloo is often served with a macaroni pie, which is essentially baked macaroni with cheese and eggs mixed in. Different ingredients can be added, so macaroni pies tend to vary a bit depending on personal recipes.

As one might expect in an island nation, seafood dominates Trinidad and Tobago cuisine. Lobster, king fish, crab, and even shark are often on the menu. When seeing what Trinidad food has to offer, seafood lovers will want to try bake and shark at some point. Maracas Bay is one of the best places to try bake and shark, which is fast becoming a sensation when it comes to unique Trinidad food. A bake and shark is essentially a sandwich that is comprised of deep fried shark pieces, fried dough bread, and a list of possible condiments, such as pineapple, oyster sauce, ketchup, and pepper sauce. Speaking of pepper sauce, it is also a favorite when it comes to Trinidad food. Pepper sauce is pretty much what it sounds like, and since it is a sauce that is made from peppers, you can bet that it is often quite spicy. Other signature dishes in Trinidad include souse, which is a dish featuring boiled chicken feet or pig trotter, and fruit chows, which are a staple that consists of fruit that is chopped and mixed with salt, pepper, lime juice, cilantro, and sometimes even garlic. After boiling the meat for souse, which is served cold, a briny sauce is added, as are hints of lime, pepper, cucumber, and onion.

The cuisine of Tobago mimics the cuisine of Trinidad, for the most part, and at the resorts on Tobago’s southern end, you can enjoy fresh, inspired menu creations from talented chefs. You’ll find an array of restaurants at the Tobago resorts that specialize in both international cuisine and Trinidad and Tobago cuisine. The capital of Scarborough is not far from the island’s resorts, and you will find a good concentration of restaurants there as well. Curried crab is a top dish on the island of Tobago, and if you like crab, then you’ll also want to try some dumplings that are made with crab. These Tobago crab dumplings are simmered in a rich coconut sauce, and they are as delicious as they sound. As for coconuts, when it comes to a national drink, one could effectively nominate coconut water, which is found throughout the country. When visiting the Queen’s Park Savannah in Port of Spain, you will most certainly see vendors selling coconut water, so you might try it there when exploring the country’s capital. As for alcohol-based drinks, rum steals the show in Trinidad and Tobago.

A cuisine that is as varied as that which is found in Trinidad and Tobago is hard to summarize. Suffice it to say that you taste buds will be in for a range of delectable experiences. Whether you are visiting one of the restaurants in Trinidad and Tobago or are just grabbing something quick from a shop or vendor.

Creole Food

When African slaves came to Trinidad, they brought their robust stews and one-pot comfort foods. Over generations, these have been refined to create signature Trinidad dishes like pelau, macaroni pie and callaloo. Just about any meat or legume can be stewed Trini-style, but the favourites are chicken and red beans.

Rich, hearty and delicious soups are also part of the Creole tradition with island favourites like oxtail soup, beef soup and cowheel soup combining melt-in-your-mouth chunks of meat with.

East Indian Food

Curry is a well-loved spice in Trinidad.

As is the case with Creole stews, just about any meat can be curried but the preferences are chicken, goat and duck. Curried duck is part of a larger social experience for Trinis, especially those of East Indian descent. It is key to the popular "river lime," where food is cooked on a riverbank in iron pots over an open flame.

Although south Trinidad is considered the home of East Indian food, there are two hallmarks of this cuisine that can be found anywhere on the island – roti and doubles. Roti (a stovetop roasted flatbread served with curried meat and vegetables such as potato, pumpkin and bodi) is an East Indian staple. There are many Trini varieties such as paratha, dosti, dhalpourie (made with yellow lentils) and aloopourie (made with potato. Doubles is the unofficial national breakfast, with many Trinidadians starting their day with two or three of these palm-size flour and split peas (yellow lentils) patties filled with spicy channa (chickpeas) and topped with different relishes.

Chokas, which are roasted and pounded vegetables, are another well-liked choice for breakfast. The popular chokas of tomato and eggplant are usually eaten with sada roti, similar to naan bread.

Indian delicacies and sweets are also a mainstay. Penal, a town in south Trinidad is famous for its main street lined with huts where vendors sell favourites like aloo pies (fried potato pies), pholourie (fried balls of ground split peas served with chutney), barfi (coconut fudge), goolab jamoom (milk balls in sweet syrup).

Chinese Food

Chinese restaurants abound everywhere, from small towns to the capital city. Some busy city streets boast as many as three or four Chinese restaurants. While the style is predominantly Cantonese, local spices and ingredients add a distinctive flavour.

Be sure to try dasheen pork, a Chinese-inspired delicacy that originated in Trinidad. The highly seasoned combination of dasheen (a ground tuber) and pork can be ordered at most Chinese restaurants.

 Gourmet Cuisine

With the increasing global popularity of Caribbean food, one of the exciting movements in local cuisine is the emergence of haute cuisine where traditional, even grassroots, dishes are done gourmet-style. In Trinidad's burgeoning gourmet food industry, you will find casual dining restaurants, steakhouses and some international cuisine.

You will also find a fusion of fine dining restaurants boasting French, Italian, Indian, Japanese, Spanish and Thai food. These are primarily located in Port-of-Spain on Ariapita Avenue or "restaurant strip" as it is commonly known, Woodbrook, St Clair and around the Queen's Park Savannah.

Street Cuisine

A street vendor will serve some of the most memorable and unique foods you will eat on the island. If you think the vendor looks a little dodgy, you can politely ask for a food handlers badge but if there's a line-up of locals, you've picked the right spot. St James, on the western edge of Port of Spain, is the place for nightlife and street cuisine. In the wee hours of the morning the town is abuzz with vendors selling barbecue and jerk meats, roti, homemade ice cream, Creole corn soup, ital (vegetarian) food, fruit punch (not the hotel variety) and much more.

Around the Queen's Park Savannah, you can treat yourself to coconut water and coconut jelly (scooped from a freshly cut coconut), boiled or roasted corn, Indian delicacies or oysters, served in a glass with a dash of lime and spicy cocktail sauce. Another popular street fare is the snow cone (shaved ice topped with syrup and condensed milk), great for beating the tropical heat.

Food Festivals

In Trinidad, people say if you want to raise money, hold a barbecue or a curry-que. The point being that if you involve food in the event, you are sure to make money. This fact has led to the growth in the number of food festivals held on the island. Some are done for charitable purposes while others aim to showcase the island's diverse cuisine.

Trinidad's biggest food festival is the annual Taste T&T, which brings together top local restaurants and purveyors of traditional foods for two nights of culinary heaven. Two other popular food festivals include the fundraisers Chefs Royal and Dining with the Saints.

Unusual Cuisine

Bake and shark, now synonymous with Maracas Bay, is the flagship of Trinidad's unusual cuisine. Deep-fried pieces of shark are nestled between two slices of fried bake (fried dough) and topped with your choice of condiments and relishes. You can choose from tomatoes, cucumbers, pineapple, ketchup, mustard, tartar sauce, tamarind sauce, garlic sauce, oyster sauce and pepper sauce.

Pepper sauce (hot peppers blended with vinegar and herbs) for most Trinidadians goes with everything! Expect everything you eat on the island to be a little spicy and don't be surprised if pepper sauce is offered with your meal. For the safety of your taste buds, always ask how hot the sauce is, and proceed with caution.

Fruit chows are part of every Trinidadian childhood. They are usually made with seasonal fruit such as mango, plums and pineapple. The half ripe or ripe fruit is cut up and mixed with limejuice, garlic, pepper, cilantro, oil, salt and black pepper. Chow can be used as a relish or dip but mostly it is eaten as a snack on its own.

Souse, is usually made with pig trotters or chicken feet. The meat is boiled and served cold in a salty brine seasoned with lime, cucumber, pepper, and onion slices.

Chip-chip is a tiny shellfish similar in taste to clams. It is usually curried or used in a spicy cocktail.

Conch is a dark, edible marine snail, usually served curried or in souse.

Cascadura or cascadoo, as it is commonly known, is a rare freshwater fish covered with large plates of bony, dark scales. Usually curried, it holds a special place in local folklore. According to legend, once you eat cascadura, you will always return to Trinidad.

Wild meat is highly sought after during hunting season (October 1st to the end of February). Locals stew or curry agouti, iguana, manicou (opossum), lappe, quenk (wild hogs) and tatoo (armadillo).

Tobago Diving

Rich and colourful shallow water reefs surround Tobago, making it easy for you to explore the island's spectacular aquatic communities by scuba diving or snorkeling from shore.

The waters around Tobago support approximately 300 different species of coral, including staghorn, elkhorn, fire coral, giant tube sponges and starlet coral. There is also a broad range of reefs, rock pillars, wrecks and extravagant undersea gardens filled with giant sea fans, whips and plumes. Remarkable sites exist off Speyside, Little Tobago and Goat Island on the northeastern side of Tobago where you can drift dive along reefs with sponges the size of bathtubs and bushes of black coral. On the southeast coast are the exceptionally clear Nylon Pool and Buccoo Reef National Park.

Buccoo ReefThis is a protected marine park between Pigeon Point and Buccoo Point. Daily tours by glass-bottomed boats allow even non-swimmers to view the reef.

Speyside ReefsThe various reefs off Speyside vary in depth. The shallow reef areas are excellent for snorkeling while the deeper reefs are great for scuba diving.